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Cesare Monti
Cesare Monti (1593-1650) was an Italian Cardinal who served as Latin Patriarch of Antioch and Archbishop of Milan.
==Early life==
Cesare Monti was born on 5 May 1593 in Milan to the patrician family of Princivalle Monti and Anna Landriani. Because his father was a childhood friend of the Archbishop of Milan Cardinal Federico Borromeo, Cesare was allowed to enter into the prestigious Collegio Borromeo of Pavia. Cesare earned a doctorate Law at the University of Pavia in 1617 and he took up a career as lawyer in Milan. In 1618, under the tutelage of Cardinal Federico Borromeo, he moved to Rome where he became protonotary apostolic and in 1620 he was appointed referendary of the Tribunals of the Apostolic Signature, thus starting the ecclesiastic career in the administration of the Papal States. He also became prelate of the Sacred Consulta, a consultor to the Universal Inquisition under Francesco Barberini and later his assessor.
Cesare Monti in Rome met and was estimated by Maffeo Barberini, who, when became pope with the name of Urban VIII, assigned to him sensitive tasks, up to the appointment as Apostolic Nuncio to the Kingdom of Naples on 27 April 1627. In June 1628 Cesare Monti was assigned to an even more delicate task: he was sent as extraordinary Nuncio to the Kingdom of Spain in order to help the ordinary Nuncio, Giovanni Pamphili, in dealing with king Philip V. Monti was not able to prevent the War of the Mantuan Succession, but he didn't lose the esteem of the pope: when on 19 November 1629 Giovanni Pamphili was proclaimed Cardinal, Monti was on the same day appointed Latin Patriarch of Antioch and Cardinal in pectore.
Cesare Monti, who at the time had received only the clerical tonsure, received the orders and was consecrated bishop on 28 January 1630 by Giovanni Pamphili in the chapel of the Royal Palace of Madrid at the presence of the king. Monti became the ordinary Nuncio in Madrid on 27 April 1630 after that Giovanni Pamphili returned to Rome. However the relations with Spanish court, and in particular with the Count-Duke of Olivares, became more and more strained, both because the pro-French politic of Urban VIII and the stout defence by Monti of the ecclesiastic prerogatives.
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